Recently diagnosed at risk - looking for some pointers

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Thank you to those who have responded so far. From the observations made, and my initial meanderings through some of the threads on the forum, I see three schools of thought emerging which might inform my next steps. I have summarised these approaches in order of increasing intervention.

1. Watch and wait; that is continue to monitor my HbA1c levels, and take action in the future only if they continue to rise significantly. This is based on @childofthesea43’s view that [given my age, modestly elevated HbA1c level, low BMI, otherwise reasonable health and moderate physical actively] I am not pre-diabetic.

2. Accept that I am on the road to T2D, and progressively reduce my carb intake. This is based on several observations. Firstly, there is some history of diabetes in the family (an aunt and an uncle had it, and I suspect that my father did, though it was not formally diagnosed). Secondly, my wife has a virtually identical diet, higher BMI, and is not so active, but her HbAc1 is comfortably within the normal zone. Thirdly, my three HbA1c results show an increasing trend. And fourthly, whilst I think my diet is not bad, qualitatively at least, my initial calculations suggest it is too carb-rich. Specifically, my default breakfast (half an orange, porridge with chopped banana and nuts, slice of wholemeal bread with dollop of peanut butter) provides some 67% of my daily carbs (against a target of 130 g). I am guessing this is not ideal (!), and I accept it would do no harm to reduce the portion size. If I take this approach it seems that I face two options: (a) do I plug the calorie shortfall with additional protein and good fats to maintain my modest weight (8 st 10 lb), or (b) do I allow myself to lose some weight? Until finding this forum I had always assumed that I could not afford to lose weight, but maybe I can, and should. My current BMI (NHS calculator) is 19.6, and it tells me I could lose 7 lb before I became underweight. And my simplistic understanding from my reading so far is that it is weight rather than carbs per se which is key: reducing carbs is the means to the end of losing some weight, and it’s the loss of weight (fat) around the liver / pancreas which is key to improving glucose control. (Please put me right if I have got this wrong.)

3. Accept that I am on the road to T2D, and start to monitor my blood glucose, with a view to better understanding what I can and can’t eat to better control my BG levels. For example, it may be that the avoidance of a particular source of carbohydrate (eg oats or potatoes) is sufficient.

On the basis of this quickly acquired, and limited understanding of things, I am inclined to pursue option 2(b) [lower my carb intake and allow loss of (some) weight]. But any observations on my logic would be welcome (though I accept that there are new posters on this forum whose situations are in far greater need to others’ attention than mine).
 
Looking at your breakfast something modest like dropping the banana or the toast would go a long way as you are as you say having a large proportion of your carbs with little protein. People are often more sensitive to carbs in the morning so opt for a lower carb breakfast.
You have made a good analysis of your situation.
 
I agree with @Leadinglights. Plus - every single person in the world IS unique - despite the blueprint just saying '2 of everything down the outside, 1 of everything up the middle'.
 
@Drummer. Thanks for your reply. What is surprising to me (as a newbie - I guess it’s obvious to everyone else here) is that there are so many variations in folks’ internal chemistry. It’s tempting to say that each of us is unique in this respect, but I can’t help wondering if there is a finite number of categories, and that it might help if we each knew which box we were in.
The one feature that we all share, along with many other organisms, is that we are all unique, starting with our DNA and continuing through our life experiences.
I suspect that there are a good many variants all classed as type 2, which is why some things work for some and not for others, but I think that the modern diet and some environmental factors are wrong for many Humans.
 
@Steve J Whilst your breakfast is something many would regard as 'healthy' is is all carbs and about - 90gm?
To keep to normal numbers I eat less than that in 2 whole days.
I have gained strength and lost fat eating a fairly high protein diet since diagnosis - it isn't all about weight.
It is quite common (I have read) for older people to have insufficient protein and suffer muscle loss year on year, so I base each meal on meat or fish or eggs and cheese and add the carbs only for texture, colour and variety.
 
Great analysis @Steve J and I suspect just "meandering" around the forum and then writing your analysis down has been a great help to you in itself. Now knowing you have some familial link to D perhaps option 2a might be my choice.

Good luck and do please let us know how this develops for you. I suspect your quandary is a very common one for those trying to wrestle with a recent prediabetes diagnosis.
 
I agree you’ve analysed the lines of thought well and have mapped out a rational stance for the short term. Do bear in mind that ‘pre-diabetic’ does not mean you’re going to become truly diabetic if you make no changes - most such people never become diabetic but just experience minor age-related drift. It has been argued that ‘pre-diabetic’ ought never to have entered the clinical lexicon. Still, as you say, watch and wait for a while. Reducing carbs will likely pull the A1c down a bit - it will do nothing in its own right to fix any underlying pathology but it gives your pancreas less to get excited about and also helps to suppress hunger if you’re in calorie deficit. I would hesitate to lose weight at your current BMI, although you might want to look over the findings of the Retune study on remission tactics for slim T2s. You could try some day to test the effect of losing a few more pounds. But as I said before, I think you have little to be concerned about at present.
 
It’s definitely a case of “managed decline” on several fronts.
I'm 81 and beg to differ!!! Diet and exercise made all the difference last year.
Where to start with diet? The "Harcombe Diet" is interesting and might suit you. Robb Wolf's, "Wired to Eat" also focuses on nutriously dense foods, it's well written and full of good information. Have a look at Marty Kendall's blog and website too: https://optimisingnutrition.com/nutrition-blog/
 
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@Steve J Whilst your breakfast is something many would regard as 'healthy' is is all carbs and about - 90gm?
To keep to normal numbers I eat less than that in 2 whole days.
I have gained strength and lost fat eating a fairly high protein diet since diagnosis - it isn't all about weight.
It is quite common (I have read) for older people to have insufficient protein and suffer muscle loss year on year, so I base each meal on meat or fish or eggs and cheese and add the carbs only for texture, colour and variety.

@Drummer. You’re right - about 90 g for breakfast. And I’ve been eating this more or less every day for years, in the mistaken belief that it was “healthy”. The fact that I wasn’t putting on any weight supported my misplaced confidence. It’s little wonder if my pancreas is complaining. Anyway, it’s time for a change. Diabetes considerations aside, I need to replace a lot of these carbs with protein, if only to limit muscle deterioration (good to know it's not too late to be able to increase strength). But it does take some determination to break out of long-established dietary habits. Fortunately there is no shortage of inspiration here for recipes.
 
Great analysis @Steve J and I suspect just "meandering" around the forum and then writing your analysis down has been a great help to you in itself. Now knowing you have some familial link to D perhaps option 2a might be my choice.

Good luck and do please let us know how this develops for you. I suspect your quandary is a very common one for those trying to wrestle with a recent prediabetes diagnosis.

@Proud to be erratic. Yes you are right about writing things down - I find it’s the only way to find out what I’m thinking. I’m so glad to have found this forum and the many people so willing to share their knowledge and experience. I will certainly report my progress. By the way, I notice most folks have a summary of their “journey” below the line of their posts; could you point me to the way to do this please? Thanks.
 
I agree you’ve analysed the lines of thought well and have mapped out a rational stance for the short term. Do bear in mind that ‘pre-diabetic’ does not mean you’re going to become truly diabetic if you make no changes - most such people never become diabetic but just experience minor age-related drift. It has been argued that ‘pre-diabetic’ ought never to have entered the clinical lexicon. Still, as you say, watch and wait for a while. Reducing carbs will likely pull the A1c down a bit - it will do nothing in its own right to fix any underlying pathology but it gives your pancreas less to get excited about and also helps to suppress hunger if you’re in calorie deficit. I would hesitate to lose weight at your current BMI, although you might want to look over the findings of the Retune study on remission tactics for slim T2s. You could try some day to test the effect of losing a few more pounds. But as I said before, I think you have little to be concerned about at present.

@childofthesea43. Thanks for your continued reassurance. I take your point about being wary of losing any weight. I’ve just started taking a hard look at my diet and am amazed how carb heavy it is, so I am minded to reduce these slowing and fill the gap with more protein. Possible diabetes considerations aside, I think it would be good for my physical condition. Getting anywhere near 130 g per day will be a challenge in the short term, but I think a gradual rebalancing would be a good idea. I’m tempted to regard weight as a dependent variable in this exercise, but I will keep an eye on it and see what happens in my next HbA1c test in April. I can then review the strategy. Thanks for the link to the SHIP study by the way. Much of the biochemistry and the stats is beyond me, but the case seems compelling. I have found a paper on the Retune study and hope to take a look at this over the weekend to see what I can learn from that.
 
I'm 81 and beg to differ!!! Diet and exercise made all the difference last year.
Where to start with diet? The "Harcombe Diet" is interesting and might suit you. Robb Wolf's, "Wired to Eat" also focuses on nutriously dense foods, it's well written and full of good information. Have a look at Marty Kendall's blog and website too: https://optimisingnutrition.com/nutrition-blog/

@JITR. Glad to hear that it's not all necessarily downhill! Thanks for these pointers on diet. All this is new to me, and there is so much out there, so these recommendations are appreciated.
 
Hi @Steve J, I’m in a similar boat to you having had an Hb1Ac performed ~1 month ago, recorded as being 44. My GP said I’m mid range in the Pre-Diabetic scale and noted on my records I’m planning to alter diet.
I’m reading Dr David Cavan’s book ‘ How to Reverse Type 2 and Pre-Diabetes’
Link: https://www.amazon.co.uk/How-Reverse-Type-Diabetes-Prediabetes/dp/1838954589/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3IR5BMNCLZ9OP&keywords=Dr.+david+Cavan&qid=1707082915&sprefix=dr.+david+cavan,aps,54&sr=8-1
What I’ve come to understand is that this condition is progressive if steps are not taken. I’m a bit (moderately?) overweight and this situation leads to a non-alcoholic fatty liver and fatty pancreas that act like a positive feedback system increasing serum BG. The fatty liver doesn’t respond as it should to insulin (turning off glycogen release to the blood) and basically leaks glycogen. The fatty pancreas impedes insulin production. I’m wondering if in older people (I’m 72) it’s many years of assault that causes a gradual build up of fatty liver and pancreas, and so the BG increases. I’ve not read of any tests such as ultrasound to check the state of the two organs, so I guess it’s an assumption made by those in the know.
@Exflex. About fatty liver, Professor Roy Taylor and his MRI team have done extensive work to prove fatty liver is a reversible disease, at least before it gets out of control. They showed T2D goes away too when the fat has gone from the liver and pancreas. Fortuitously I had an ultrasound scan after my T2 diagnosis. That confirmed fatty liver. After losing 22 kg I had a fibroscan. My liver was bàck to normal
 
@Proud to be erratic. Yes you are right about writing things down - I find it’s the only way to find out what I’m thinking. I’m so glad to have found this forum and the many people so willing to share their knowledge and experience. I will certainly report my progress. By the way, I notice most folks have a summary of their “journey” below the line of their posts; could you point me to the way to do this please? Thanks.
Steve, select from the top line of this site the green coloured circle with the letter S and that will put you into an edit mode for your personal info that you originally provided when you registered for the forum. Within the array of options select Signature and it will provide you with a blank box that you can complete as you wish.

Having said "as you wish" 12 months ago @everyday ups and downs put out a low key request asking those of us with long signatures to consider shortening them. I am attaching that link.


This edit mode also allows you to look back and find something you might have written about at some other time: select Your content. The other options are self-explanatory, I think.
 
Hello @ Steve J, welcome to the Forum. I'm an insulin dependent diabetic, so far from a perfect person to answer your questions. But I did wonder if there is any history of diabetes in your family?

Your summary doesn't make you a natural candidate for this contradictory disease, but being active will definitely help you.

Those alterations seem very appropriate and yet a small increase in your latest HbA1c must feel a bit disappointing to you. Well done on taking such a positive view of "taking a harder look at the carbs in my diet".

Many of us use the book "Carbs and Cals" for core info. There is also an app which I tried for a year and abandoned, mainly because it was expensive and I didn't find it so comprehensive as the book. I kept my book pristine for about a year and then realised I should also add my notes about foods I regularly turned to. So it got many positive notes inside. I decreasingly need it these days I'm thoroughly familiar with most foods I eat!

There is also nutritional data including carbs in small print on the back of any foods in packets from retailers and for the odd one-off I just ask Google for the carbs in "X UK". That removes the US confusion over fibre!

I'd start with this Forum, not least the Learning Zone (orange tab on the drop down menu which needs it's own registration). The chef Caldesi produced a couple of books that others have suggested are good; he is T2.

Testing with a finger prick lance that produces a drop of blood to put on a test strip and get a snapshot reading can be helpful. The no it generates is not the same as an HbA1c which is a look at your last 3 months of blood glucose behaviour. FPs are sort of akin to having a speedometer in your car; you know where you are right now but not 30 seconds before or after. Such BG tests are of zero use if random and need to be part of a structured process to get a daily reference point (perhaps on going to bed and on waking to see how night fasting has been FOR YOU and then before a meal and 2 hrs later to see how YOU managed that meal.

I'm personally not convinced you need to get into this fp process yet. Your 42 is a modest "flag" and maybe further changes are needed to your diet, then see how you get on with a new HbA1c in 3 months time. If you enjoy alcohol wine and spirits without mixers should be fine (in moderation); some beer can be carb heavy for some people and fortified wines or liquers are high carb
 
I hear what everyone is saying and defo dont think i would be looking at to diagose you as diabetic, especilly your hemogloben at the number thats pretty good, were there sugar in your urine and what did your bloods come in at, what was your avergae blood count as well, people who dont have diabetes is usually around 4 and 7, usuall 7 after they have eat other than that usually 4, people who drink a very suagry drink can go well about 7 but within an hour iys back down to between 4 and 7. I would do what that other person told you prick your finger test your blood 20 minutes before you have a meal,then leave it 30 minutes do it again and then another 30 minutes after that, it should be on the higher level owards 7 after a meal, but above thatdepends what you eat, but test again 30 minutes and see ifit stays up or goes up becaise it should be going down if your not diabetic, it could be because your fit and walk etc this is whats giving you the perfect hba1c reading, Diabetics should always have a 30 minute walk to and hour walk a day cause the feet pump the blood round the body and your feet are very important cause they have more nerves in them than your whole body, SO a regualr walk once a day after a meal, best main meal helps pump everything through your body thats suppose to, and this can prolong a better life for the problems diabetics occur, I am 43 years diabetic andwhat i have just said i never done any that, but now yes i hae no problems with eyes legs feet, well up untill now, i lived of a strict diet weighing counting very old ways, sorry i could write a book lol but check your blood count pal before and after meals and then again 30 minutes after the one after your meal....if there not averging between 4 and 7, then am affraid you are diabetic pal
 
As a T1D, in regards to blood glucose monitoring, I can really recommend just using finger prickers, with a cheap blood glucose monitor - it's a really low financial investment, and basically painless, overall it shouldn't cost more than 30 or 35 pounds if you don't go for something really high end. You could also go for a continuous glucose monitor, although that's a huge investment, particularly if you don't need it for very long.
You are very unlikely to get diagnosed, but checking your glucose levels is probably a good idea, just for peace of mind. If you aren't sure what kind of pricker / monitor to get, please do just shoot me a message, I'll let you know what I use.
 
it says diabetes is in your genes cant spell that other word. iam the only one in my family who had diabetes even my mum and dad went right back into there family history and not one person has diabetes not even my grannys grannys have had it
 
@Exflex. About fatty liver, Professor Roy Taylor and his MRI team have done extensive work to prove fatty liver is a reversible disease, at least before it gets out of control. They showed T2D goes away too when the fat has gone from the liver and pancreas. Fortuitously I had an ultrasound scan after my T2 diagnosis. That confirmed fatty liver. After losing 22 kg I had a fibroscan. My liver was bàck to normal

@JITR, @Exflex. Thanks for the information on fatty liver. I’ve just come across a link on another thread to a video by Prof Roy Taylor so I will take a look.
 
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