I think at GP level, the main concerns are probably ....
1.That GPs and practice nurses need to keep an open mind at diagnosis about whether it could be Type 1 or Type 2 or Type 3c or some other Type that you are presented with. There are a lot of people who are misdiagnosed as Type 2 because many GPs believe that Type 1 only exhibits in children and young people, so that if you are a mature adult, it must be Type 2. Similarly, being overweight does not preclude you from being Type 1.
2. Type 2s can gain a lot of benefit from home BG testing and telling them not to test, even when they are self funding is not helpful at all. We get lots of newly diagnosed coming to the forum after being told not to test, or actively discouraged from testing, when with the right testing strategy it can be helpful and motivating and in fact key to making the necessary dietary and lifestyle changes. I appreciate that GP practices are under financial pressure and may not be able to fund testing for all, but please do not discourage testing by those who are keen to engage with their diabetes management.
3. Encourage rather than blame or criticize. With the right information and support most people can improve their diabetes management and many can push it into remission. Type 2 doesn't have to be progressive but good dietary advice is important and the "Eatwell" plate simply doesn't hack it for most Type 2s, so don't suggest swapping to brown/wholemeal options as that really has minimal impact. Less carbs is the answer not a change of colour. The increased fibre in brown/wholemeal products has very little beneficial effect compared to reducing the total amount of carbs you eat and it is all carbs not just sugar. Unfortunately some of the outsourced courses for Type 2 are still based on the "Eatwell Plate" and this is not helping people.
Having to think about every single thing you eat for the rest of your life is not easy. Many people here feel really demoralized when they return from a diabetes review, even if their levels have reduced, their HCPs rarely give them the praise, acknowledgement of effort and encouragement they need to keep going.
4. Don't reach for the prescription pad straight away every time. Metformin caused a lot of people digestive upheaval and many don't even need to be prescribed it. Offer people the option to have a 3 month period of lifestyle changes and advise them to come to this forum for support with that. Obviously, if levels are excessively high then yes medication may be appropriate, but an HbA1c in the 50s -90s can often be dropped back down to the normal or pre diabetes range through dietary means with the right advice. Low carb eating is more powerful than most oral meds, so give people the option to try that first. If they want medication fair enough, but give people a choice and stress that lifestyle changes are necessary even with medication.
5. Stop pushing the low fat mantra that we have been bombarded with all our lives. Fat helps people to feel full. Carbs make them feel hungry. If you cut the carbs and eat more fat, many of us have found that we are less hungry and eat less overall and lose weight. Food tastes good with fat so we don't feel deprived and it therefore is more sustainable.
I felt really guilty going against the low fat advice of my nurse for many moths after diagnosis, but I am fitter and healthier for eating more fat and cutting right down on my carbs (not keto....I am about 60-90g carbs a day) Going low carb, higher fat has improved or stopped number of other quite serious health conditions that I had suffered for years including acute and chronic migraines, poor skin/eczema and asthma is improved, joint pain is improved and I sleep better. Interestingly, despite eating a lot more fat in general and particularly saturated fat, my cholesterol is down. I have refused statins as I am only just above the TC level of 4 that triggers that prescription pad.
6. For those of us who are insulin dependent please look at your repeat prescription system. Being told that we can't have medication that keeps us alive because we need a review causes an immense amount of stress, especially when trying to get an appointment to see someone to get that review is a huge challenge in itself at many surgeries.
I am actually one of those misdiagnosed Type 1s that I mentioned in 1. above but in some respects starting out with a Type 2 diagnosis and going on a low carb diet to try to push the Type 2 into remission, has helped me find better health in all respects, so that I now continue to eat low carb and higher fat because it makes sense for my general health and wellbeing despite the fact I use insulin and could eat normally and whilst difficult at first, 4.5 years down the line it is easier and with increased fat, sustainable long term. I would not necessarily recommend it for all Type 1s but it is certainly helpful for many Type 2s.
Sorry for rabbiting on such a lot, but there are so many issues around diabetes diagnosis and treatment that are sadly all too common across the country and we so often see newly diagnosed patients who are lost and scared and overwhelmed coming to the forum with little or no information or the wrong information, that it is quite nice to have an opportunity to vent some of them. So pleased you have come and asked.... I assume you are a Health Care Professional yourself with a view to finding what you can do to improve things?