Does Covid immunity wane and will vaccine booster jabs be needed?

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Northerner

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With plans for the UK’s Covid vaccine booster programme this autumn soon to be revealed, we take a look at what we do – and don’t – know about waning immunity after vaccination.

How is waning immunity against Covid investigated?

There are several ways to do this: one is to look at whether people who have been vaccinated become infected with Covid, and another is to look at levels of different components of the immune system in vaccinated individuals and see how these change over time.

The answer from multiple studies seems to be yes, although it is worth remembering that no vaccine is 100% protective in the first place, and as more people are vaccinated, those who are fall ill are increasingly likely to have had the jabs.

But what is behind the apparent decline and what it means in practice, and for booster shots, is less clear.

 
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