All foods digest at different rates, and a high fat content in your diet definitely slows down digestion, so I can’t comment specifically on peanut butter but it’s definitely possible that what you’ve eaten might spike later than expected.
As for ketones... I really don’t see the point of checking for them every time you get a reading above 14, especially if you know the likely cause and if the BG comes down again quickly. The strips are so expensive and it just seems like a waste!
The only times I would ever think of checking for them are if you’ve got a tummy bug or something and can’t eat much (in which case they will be raised a bit due to starvation) or if you have had sustained high blood sugars which won’t come down for some reason (high teens and above).
The only time my daughter has ever had raised ketones was when she had a tummy bug once and was hardly eating anything at all, ketones went up to 1.5 which is apparently just about OK as long as BG isn’t high as well, which it wasn’t; and a couple of times when we were having problems with pump tubing and cannula and the insulin wasn’t getting in properly, they went up to about 4 then! But came back down again as soon as the problem was resolved. The last time her cannula fell off in the night and she didn’t realise the ketones were only 0.9 the next morning, I was expecting them to be higher!
All of which isn’t going to happen to you if you’re not on a pump of course 🙂