Impaired counter regulatory response
A lot of people can sleep through night time hypos. Once a persons blood sugar has been low for a while their liver will usually kick in and release sugar to bring levels back up. The main exception to this is when alcohol is present which I'd assume isn't an issue with your son at present! A lot of people do find that if they hypo at night their body will wake them up anyway.
Always worth making sure you have a glucagon set hand in case he does have a big hypo, counts in day time too of course but I suppose the risk may be greater at night as he may go lower before having warnings.
Is your son a heavy sleeper? I wonder if you could test his blood while he's sleeping without waking him up, I have heard of other people doing do. Could be worth a go in these early days if you're particularly concerned one night?
Don't know if I've really managed it but what I've been trying to say is while you need to be aware please don't worry too much more about night hypos than those at any other times, it's quite amazing how the body can either wake you up or respond appropriately.
Unfortunately one cannot reply on the counter regulatory response to increase the blood glucose levels. Most people who have had diabetes for a few years lose this response.
Somogyi phenomenon
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/125432-overview
It is now debated whether there are "rebound highs" from a low blood glucose, now there is GCMS and it can be seen what happens at night for children/patients
This is why its very dangerous for clinics to tell parents that children will wake up when they are low or that a rebound with "rescue" them.
Hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes assessed by continuous glucose monitoring
Thomas H?i-Hansen, MD
This PhD dissertation was accepted by the Faculty of health Sience of the University of Copenhagen, and defended on March 8, 2006.
The Somogyi phenomenon - nocturnal hypoglycaemia begetting morning hyperglycaemia -- has previously been rejected in experimental studies on admitted patients but many health-care professionals still believe in its existence. Morning blood glucose is not high after nocturnal hypoglycaemia, but generally low. The existence of the Somogyi-phenomenon is now also rejected by CGMS in patients in daily life.
The Somogyi phenomenon. Sacred cow or bull?
Raskin P.
Posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia (Somogyi phenomenon) occurs infrequently in insulin-treated diabetic patients. When it occurs it is often in children and adolescents, or patients with a short duration of diabetes. Marked hyperglycemia (greater than 12.2 mmols) after hypoglycemia results from a large meal to relieve the symptoms of hypoglycemia. Posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia correlates with falling plasma insulin levels, rather than increasing concentrations of counterregulatory hormones, whose secretion may be defective. Asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia is common but subsequent fasting hyperglycemia is not necessarily the result of "rebound." More likely, fasting hyperglycemia is due to a falling predawn insulin level. Nocturnal hypoglycemia is dealt with by a readjustment in the timing and dose of insulin. The failure of the Somogyi phenomenon to occur puts insulin-dependent diabetic patients at increased risk to potential lethal consequences of nocturnal hypoglycemia.